基于非线性混合整数规划的配电终端布点优化研究

提出一种考虑供电可靠性和经济成本的配电自动化终端布点优化方法,在架空馈线安装故障指示器、电压时间型终端和电压电流型终端,在电缆馈线安装故障指示器、二遥终端和三遥终端,对配网进行配电自动化改造以提高供电可靠性,可靠性指标取为用户年平均故障停电时间,故障影响模式根据配电终端类型确定。用Java语言编程实现,从XML文件读取配网数据,使用JGraphT图形库存储配网拓扑信息,建立非线性混合整数规划模型,使用建模系统Gams求解模型,为便于工程实施,分阶段输出优化结果。采用某市的配电终端布点规划作为算例,验证了方法的可行性。     

Coordinated voltage control of wind-penetrated power systems via state feedback control

This paper presents an optimal coordinated voltage control scheme for preserving long-term voltage stability of power systems. Linear quadratic integral (LQI) controller is employed to construct this scheme. Also, this paper considers the detailed dynamic model of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbine, synchronous generators, over excitation limiter (OEL) and under-load tap changer (ULTC) system, which are important elements influencing voltage stability of power systems. The proposed approach at each time instance involves following two major steps: First, the power system nonlinear equations are linearized and optimal controllers are obtained by LQI technique. Then, in the second step the system dynamic behavior is investigated via time-domain simulations by applying the attained optimal control signals at the first step. The impact of the proposed coordinated voltage control scheme is evaluated by time domain simulations on a well-known test system, under variable wind speed and fault conditions.     

Optimal placement of piezoelectric patches over a smart structure

Control of structural vibrations has significant applications in manufacturing, infrastructure engineering, aerospace engineering and various consumer products. In last two decades, considerable attention has been focused to suppress structural vibrations using active vibration control technique. Various researchers have proposed various optimization criteria for optimal placement of piezoelectric patches over a smart structure to suppress vibrations using various optimization techniques. This paper presents a review of various optimization criteria and techniques that have been used by various researchers in the field of smart structures. Mathematical expressions of objective functions of twelve optimization criteria have been presented and their justifications have been reasoned. Step by step procedures of commonly used optimization techniques have also been presented.     

Performance Evaluation of Power Oscillation Damping Controller—Firefly Algorithm Based Parameter Tuning

This paper presents the performance evaluation of power oscillation damping controller based on firefly algorithm (FA) parameter tuning. The power system stabilizer (PSS), unified power flow controller (UPFC), and static synchronous series compensator (SSSC) are tuned with FA by minimizing integral time multiplied by absolute error (ITAE) as an objective function. An integrated multi-stage linear quadratic regulator – power oscillation damping UPFC/SSSC has been proposed with precise tuning of control parameters which results in overall states' oscillation damping as compared to other classical methods. It has been observed that the proposed control structure damps the oscillations adequately and is modular in design methodology. The sample power system comprising six areas has been considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the concept. The software has been developed based on the proposed work by the authors and the MATLAB code has been generated in R2009b version. The states' inter-relation which has been shown with eigenvalues reflects a better regulation and the step response is also validated.     

Power Quality Enhancement Using Linear Quadratic Regulator Based Current-controlled Voltage Source Inverter for the Grid Integrated Renewable Energy System

This paper presents an optimal control strategy using linear quadratic regulator (LQR) applied in current-controlled voltage source inverter (CCVSI) to control the real and reactive power flow between the renewable energy system (RES) and the grid. It also compensates harmonic current components drawn by the load from the grid terminal. A simplified equivalent circuit is used to develop the reduced order state space model of the three-phase grid connected renewable energy system. This makes the analysis and design of control law simpler by reducing the number of weighing variables used in LQR. The extension real–reactive power (p–q) method implemented in a–b–c frame is used to generate the reference current for controlling the real and reactive power to the grid to minimize the total harmonic distortion (THD) and to achieve unity power factor (UPF) operation at the grid side. The stated technique makes the grid current sinusoidal even under unbalanced grid voltages and the harmonic distortion factors are well within the IEEE limits. The system is simulated under changes in the real power fed from RES to the grid for both balanced and unbalanced grid conditions. The simulation results are validated by the experimental results.     

考虑随机特性的独立微网储能裕度计算方法

依据含储能设备的独立微网的功能和运行特性,提出微网储能裕度的概念及考虑随机特性的微网储能裕度的计算方法,以便对微网负荷承载能力进行量化评估,并使微网在满足系统可靠性要求的同时合理调节储能设备的充放电。针对风电、光电及负荷的随机特性,在日前预测的基础上,建立考虑预测误差的风电、光伏出力和负荷的概率模型。提出一种基于场景生成和削减技术、储能设备充放电优化技术和弦截法的考虑随机特性的储能裕度计算方法。以某微网为例,验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性,并对蓄电池容量、出力限制和初始荷电状态等可能影响储能裕度的因素进行了分析。     

基于博弈演化算法的PMU最优配置方法

为实现电力系统可观测性,提出一种新的相量测量单元(PMU)配置方法,即基于博弈论的演化算法。该算法将寻找PMU最优配置方案的问题映射为理性主体寻求自身利益最大化的博弈过程,PMU最优配置方案即对应于博弈中的纳什均衡解。其突出优点是演化方向确定、全局收敛性好、收敛速度快、解具有多样性。应用该算法在IEEE 30节点、新英格兰39节点、某128节点系统进行仿真计算,与深度优化算法、模拟退火算法和最小生成树算法的结果进行比较,说明了该算法的可行性及优势。     

基于自适应最小二乘支持向量机逆系统的链式STATCOM控制策略

对链式静止同步补偿器(static synchronous compensator,STATCOM)建立了非线性数学模型,采用逆系统反馈线性化的方法,构造了伪线性系统,并且将系统实现解耦。由于开关管IGBT的变化随时性及模型的不确定性,常常引起非线性模型参数的变化。为了解决这一问题,采用最小二乘支持向量机自适应地估计动态的模型非线性部分,通过反馈的方式加入到逆系统的输入端,从而补偿掉实际系统模型中的非线性部分,实现真正意义上的伪线性模型。由于是线性系统的解耦模型,采用线性二次型最优控制算法,实现配电网的无功补偿。仿真和实验结果表明,所提的算法很好地解决了配电网的无功补偿问题,且具有很好的鲁棒性和动态性能。     

电弧热丝变极性等离子弧增材制造成型尺寸预测

电弧热丝变极性等离子弧(arcing-VPPA)对传热与传质的可靠控制使其在电弧增材制造方面拥有独特的优点。针对单道多层铝合金堆砌试样,利用二次通用旋转组合方法针对性地设计了单壁墙试验样本,通过多次回归方程建立了单壁墙成型尺寸与工艺参数之间关系的数学模型。结果表明,模型能够较好地预测单壁墙的熔敷尺寸,真实值与拟合值基本一致。同时发现,等离子电流、行走速度、送丝速度对层高的影响较为明显,且等离子电流与焊接速度对层高的影响存在交互作用;而对熔宽影响较明显的是等离子电流、变极性脉冲MIG电流以及焊接速度。同时分析了增材成型熔宽尺寸稳定性控制策略,发现等离子电流以等差数列排序的控制方案在增材宽度的稳定性控制上具有明显优势。     

An optimal location of static VAr compensator based on Gramian critical energy for damping oscillations in power systems

The increase in the scale and complexity of interconnected power systems leads to multiple electromechanical oscillations. Therefore, the electric network needs to be made more stable. One type of Flexible alternating current transmission systems (FACTS) devices, namely the static VAr compensator (SVC), can be installed at buses to increase the stability margins and dampen the power system oscillations by exchanging capacitive and/or inductive load to maintain and/or control specific parameters of electrical power systems. The efficiency and performance of the SVC depend on its optimal location. Consequently, seeking the optimal placement for SVC has become a key issue. In this paper, we propose a novel method to find the optimal location for the SVC based on a two‐step approach. First, an energetic approach based on the combination of the controllability Gramian critical energy analysis with the balanced realization reduction technique is used to search for several feasible locations; then the transient stability is analyzed to compare and determine an optimal location through various test cases. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been demonstrated on the IEEE 39‐bus England power system and compared with the modal controllability index. © 2016 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.